Information and Communication Technology (ICT) literacy is an essential competence that adolescents must possess to successfully participate in the twenty-first-century digital society and workforce. ICT literacy is also crucial to Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) fields, and it can significantly influence females’ STEM-related career paths. This chapter provides background literature and discusses key ICT-related individual characteristics predicting gender differences in ICT literacy. It also discusses the main enabling factors and initiatives implemented by the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to support equal opportunities for adolescents to develop ICT literacy skills. The chapter includes recommendations for practice and future research.